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2021 Mar 400-101 exam question
Q121. Which Carrier Ethernet service supports the multiplexing of multiple point-to-point EVCs across as a single UNI?
A. EPL
B. EVPL
C. EMS
D. ERMS
Answer: B
Explanation:
Ethernet Relay Service (ERS or EVPL)
An Ethernet Virtual Circuit (EVC) is used to logically connect endpoints, but multiple EVCs
could exist per single UNI. Each EVC is distinguished by 802.1q VLAN tag identification.
The ERS network acts as if the Ethernet frames have crossed a switched network, and certain control traffic is not carried between ends of the EVC. ERS is analogous to Frame Relay where the CE-VLAN tag plays the role of a Data-Link Connection Identifier (DLCI). The MEF term for this service is EVPL.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/net_mgmt/ip_solution_center/5-1/carrier_ethernet/user/guide/l2vpn51book/concepts.html
Q122. DRAG DROP
Drag and drop the BGP state on the left to the action that defines it on the right.
Answer:
Q123. Which three protocols can use enhanced object tracking? (Choose three.)
A. HSRP
B. Proxy-ARP
C. VRRP
D. GLBP
E. NTP
F. DHCP
Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:
The Enhanced Object Tracking feature separates the tracking mechanism from HSRP and creates a separate standalone tracking process that can be used by other processes and HSRP. This feature allows tracking of other objects in addition to the interface line-protocol state. A client process such as HSRP, Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), or Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP), can register its interest in tracking objects and then be notified when the tracked object changes state.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/ipapp/configuration/15-mt/iap-15-mt-book/iap-eot.html
Q124. Refer to the exhibit.
Which two statements about the output are true? (Choose two.)
A. 802.1D spanning tree is being used.
B. Setting the priority of this switch to 0 for VLAN 1 would cause it to become the new root.
C. The hello, max-age, and forward delay timers are not set to their default values.
D. Spanning-tree PortFast is enabled on GigabitEthernet1/1.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
802.1D is the standard for Spanning tree, which is being used here. For priority, The priority order starts from 0 (yes, 0 is valid) and then increases in 4096. 0, 4096, 8192, 12288, …. Etc.
The lower the number is, the higher is the priority. Here we see that the current root has a priority of 8192, so configuring this with a priority of 0 will make it the new root.
Q125. Which statement about OSPF multiaccess segments is true?
A. The designated router is elected first.
B. The designated and backup designated routers are elected at the same time.
C. The router that sent the first hello message is elected first.
D. The backup designated router is elected first.
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to the RFC, the BDR is actually elected first, followed by the DR. The RFC explains why: “The reason behind the election algorithm’s complexity is the desire for an orderly transition from Backup Designated Router to Designated Router, when the current Designated Router fails. This orderly transition is ensured through the introduction of hysteresis: no new Backup Designated Router can be chosen until the old Backup accepts its new Designated Router responsibilities. The above procedure may elect the same router to be both Designated Router and Backup Designated Router, although that router will never be the calculating router (Router X) itself.”
Reference: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2328.txt – Page 76
Most recent 400-101 practice question:
Q126. Which two features improve BGP convergence? (Choose two.)
A. next-hop address tracking
B. additional paths
C. advertise map
D. communities
E. soft reconfiguration
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
The BGP Support for Next-Hop Address Tracking feature is enabled by default when a supporting Cisco software image is installed. BGP next-hop address tracking is event driven. BGP prefixes are automatically tracked as peering sessions are established. Next-hop changes are rapidly reported to the BGP routing process as they are updated in the RIB. This optimization improves overall BGP convergence by reducing the response time to next-hop changes for routes installed in the RIB. When a best path calculation is run in between BGP scanner cycles, only next-hop changes are tracked and processed. BGP routers and route reflectors (RRs) propagate only their best path over their sessions. The advertisement of a prefix replaces the previous announcement of that prefix (this behavior is known as an implicit withdraw). The implicit withdraw can achieve better scaling, but at the cost of path diversity. Path hiding can prevent efficient use of BGP multipath, prevent hitless planned maintenance, and can lead to MED oscillations and suboptimal hot-potato routing. Upon nexthop failures, path hiding also inhibits fast and local recovery because the network has to wait for BGP control plane convergence to restore traffic. The BGP Additional Paths feature provides a generic way of offering path diversity; the Best External or Best Internal features offer path diversity only in limited scenarios. The BGP Additional Paths feature provides a way for multiple paths for the same prefix to be advertised without the new paths implicitly replacing the previous paths. Thus, path diversity is achieved instead of path hiding.
References: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios-xml/ios/iproute_bgp/configuration/15-1sg/irg-nexthop-track.html http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/iproute_bgp/configuration/xe-3s/irg-xe-3s-book/bgp_additional_paths.html
Q127. What are three benefits of deploying NAT with ALG? (Choose three.)
A. the use of dynamic ephemeral ports through a firewall
B. the synchronization of translations between multiple streams of data
C. the use of deep packet inspection
D. the use of static ephemeral ports through a firewall
E. the conversion of session layer addresses from the application payload to outside global addresses
F. NAT traversal to support asymmetric data sessions
Answer: A,B,C
Q128. DRAG DROP
Drag and drop the VLAN number on the left to the corresponding default VLAN name on the right.
Answer:
Q129. Which two statements about SNMP are true? (Choose two.)
A. SNMPv3 provides privacy and access control.
B. All SNMP versions use get, getNext, and getBulk operations.
C. SNMPv3 uses encrypted community strings.
D. SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c use plaintext community strings.
E. All SNMP versions support bulk retrieval and detailed error messages.
Answer: A,B
Q130. Which two options are advantages of NetFlow version 9 over NetFlow version 5? (Choose two.)
A. NetFlow version 9 adds support for IPv6 headers.
B. NetFlow version 9 adds support for MPLS labels.
C. NetFlow version 9 adds support for the Type of Service field.
D. NetFlow version 9 adds support for ICMP types and codes.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
NetFlow version 9 includes support for all of these fields that version 5 supports and can optionally include additional information such as Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) labels and IPv6 addresses and ports.