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2021 Nov SY0-401 book
Q301. An IT security technician needs to establish host based security for company workstations. Which of the following will BEST meet this requirement?
A. Implement IIS hardening by restricting service accounts.
B. Implement database hardening by applying vendor guidelines.
C. Implement perimeter firewall rules to restrict access.
D. Implement OS hardening by applying GPOs.
Answer: D
Explanation: Hardening is the process of securing a system by reducing its surface of vulnerability. Reducing the surface of vulnerability typically includes removing or disabling unnecessary functions and features, removing or disabling unnecessary user accounts, disabling unnecessary protocols and ports, and disabling unnecessary services. This can be implemented using the native security features of an operating system, such as Group Policy Objects (GPOs).
Q302. Which of the following can be implemented if a security administrator wants only certain devices connecting to the wireless network?
A. Disable SSID broadcast
B. Install a RADIUS server
C. Enable MAC filtering
D. Lowering power levels on the AP
Answer: C
Explanation:
MAC filtering is commonly used in wireless networks. In computer networking, MAC Filtering (or GUI filtering, or layer 2 address filtering) refers to a security access control method whereby the 48-bit address assigned to each network card is used to determine access to the network. MAC addresses are uniquely assigned to each card, so using MAC filtering on a network permits and denies network access to specific devices through the use of blacklists and whitelists. While the restriction of network access through the use of lists is straightforward, an individual person is not identified by a MAC address, rather a device only, so an authorized person will need to have a whitelist entry for each device that he or she would use to access the network.
Q303. Which of the following security concepts would Sara, the security administrator, use to mitigate the risk of data loss?
A. Record time offset
B. Clean desk policy
C. Cloud computing
D. Routine log review
Answer: B
Explanation:
Clean Desk Policy Information on a desk—in terms of printouts, pads of note paper, sticky notes, and the like—can be easily seen by prying eyes and taken by thieving hands. To protect data and your business, encourage employees to maintain clean desks and to leave out only those papers that are relevant to the project they are working on at that moment. All sensitive information should be put away when the employee is away from their desk. This will mitigate the risk of data loss when applied.
Q304. In which of the following scenarios is PKI LEAST hardened?
A. The CRL is posted to a publicly accessible location.
B. The recorded time offsets are developed with symmetric keys.
C. A malicious CA certificate is loaded on all the clients.
D. All public keys are accessed by an unauthorized user.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A rogue Certification Authority (CA) certificate allows malicious users to impersonate any Web site on the Internet, including banking and e-commerce sites secured using the HTTPS protocol. A rogue CA certificate would be seen as trusted by Web browsers, and it is harmful because it can appear to be signed by one of the root CAs that browsers trust by default. A rogue Certification Authority (CA) certificate can be created using a vulnerability in the Internet Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) used to issue digital certificates for secure Web sites.
Q305. When reviewing security logs, an administrator sees requests for the AAAA record of www.comptia.com. Which of the following BEST describes this type of record?
A. DNSSEC record
B. IPv4 DNS record
C. IPSEC DNS record
D. IPv6 DNS record
Answer: D
Explanation: The AAAA Address record links a FQDN to an IPv6 address.
Up to date SY0-401 test:
Q306. Ann wants to send a file to Joe using PKI. Which of the following should Ann use in order to sign the file?
A. Joe’s public key
B. Joe’s private key
C. Ann’s public key
D. Ann’s private key
Answer: D
Explanation:
The sender uses his private key, in this case Ann's private key, to create a digital signature. The message is, in effect, signed with the private key. The sender then sends the message to the receiver. The receiver uses the public key attached to the message to validate the digital signature. If the values match, the receiver knows the message is authentic. The receiver uses a key provided by the sender—the public key—to decrypt the message. Most digital signature implementations also use a hash to verify that the message has not been altered, intentionally or accidently, in transit.
Q307. Matt, a systems security engineer, is determining which credential-type authentication to use within a planned 802.1x deployment. He is looking for a method that does not require a client certificate, has a server side certificate, and uses TLS tunnels for encryption. Which credential type authentication method BEST fits these requirements?
A. EAP-TLS
B. EAP-FAST
C. PEAP-CHAP
D. PEAP-MSCHAPv2
Answer: D
Explanation:
PEAP-MS-CHAP v2 is easier to deploy than EAP-TLS or PEAP-TLS because user authentication is accomplished via password-base credentials (user name and password) rather than digital certificates or smart cards. Only servers running Network Policy Server (NPS) or PEAP-MS-CHAP v2 are required to have a certificate.
Q308. Pete needs to open ports on the firewall to allow for secure transmission of files. Which of the following ports should be opened on the firewall?
A. TCP 23
B. UDP 69
C. TCP 22
D. TCP 21
Answer: C
Explanation:
SSH uses TCP port 22. All protocols encrypted by SSH, including SFTP, SHTTP, SCP, SExec, and slogin, also use TCP port 22. Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) is a secure file-transfer facility based on SSH and Remote Copy Protocol (RCP). Secure FTP (SFTP) is a secured alternative to standard File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
Q309. Mike, a user, states that he is receiving several unwanted emails about home loans. Which of the following is this an example of?
A. Spear phishing
B. Hoaxes
C. Spoofing
D. Spam
Answer: D
Explanation:
Spam is most often considered to be electronic junk mail or junk newsgroup postings. Some people define spam even more generally as any unsolicited email. However, if a long-lost brother finds your email address and sends you a message, this could hardly be called spam, even though it is unsolicited. Real spam is generally email advertising for some product sent to a mailing list or newsgroup. In addition to wasting people's time with unwanted e-mail, spam also eats up a lot of network bandwidth. Consequently, there are many organizations, as well as individuals, who have taken it upon themselves to fight spam with a variety of techniques. But because the Internet is public, there is really little that can be done to prevent spam, just as it is impossible to prevent junk mail. However, some online services have instituted policies to prevent spammers from spamming their subscribers. There is some debate about why it is called spam, but the generally accepted version is that it comes from the Monty Python song, "Spam spam spam spam, spam spam spam spam, lovely spam, wonderful spam". Like the song, spam is an endless repetition of worthless text. Another school of thought maintains that it comes from the computer group lab at the University of Southern California who gave it the name because it has many of the same characteristics as the lunch meat Spam: Nobody wants it or ever asks for it. No one ever eats it; it is the first item to be pushed to the side when eating the entree. Sometimes it is actually tasty, like 1% of junk mail that is really useful to some people. The term spam can also be used to describe any "unwanted" email from a company or website --typically at some point a user would have agreed to receive the email via subscription list opt-in --a newer term called graymail is used to describe this particular type of spam.
Q310. A security manager requires fencing around the perimeter, and cipher locks on all entrances. The manager is concerned with which of the following security controls?
A. Integrity
B. Availability
C. Confidentiality
D. Safety
Answer: D
Explanation:
Fencing is used to increase physical security and safety. Locks are used to keep those who are unauthorized out.